Dialectical Theory

Interpersonal relationships have been the subject of research and discussion for many centuries. Whether a relationship lasts or breaks depends so much on how the parties involved respond to the emerging challenges and how they respond to issues. According to the dialectic theory, all relationships undergo tensions which often result into contradictions. It is how the parties engaged in a relationship respond to tensions that shapes the way parties will handle tensions. For a husband and wife in a marriage or a boyfriend and girl friend in a love affair, the knowledge of the underlying assumptions of the dialectic theory is fundamental. This essay looks into the impact of dialectical tensions in relationships, the management of tensions in relationships and finally the strategies those in relationships can adopt to deal with tensions. The writer incorporates personal experience of tensions to expound and make clearer the points deliberated. Autonomy This is the desire to be independent in the things that you set out to do and also in your entire life. It occurs regardless of the closeness or intimacy that one has established with his/her partner or even with other people. The need to be autonomous in a relationship may lead to conflicts since your partner expects you to cooperate and do everything together inclusive of sharing ideas and experiences. Individual identity This refers to the process of trying to understand oneself in a better way. It involves making attempts of stabling ones weaknesses and strengths so that one can be able to his/her living grounds. It can result to tensions in a relationship in that on the process of trying to understand yourself your weaknesses may outweigh your strengths and this may bring about doubts on the side of tour partner. Change This is the desire to acquire and sustain variety for example in a relationship. It can be both positive and negative whereby negative change brings about much tension in a relationship. This refers to turning against the plans and agreements that were entered into during the beginning of the relationship. Desire for Separation This refers to the strong need to part ways with your partner may be because of inevitable circumstances like a job or due to existence of varied decisions between the partners whereby none wants to give in to each other’s decisions. This leads to tensions in a relationship and it can even yield into a divorce. Varied approaches- this refers to use of different means and ways to solve problems or address issues in the relationship by the partners. The partners may therefore have a lot of disagreements and this strains and puts tensions to the relationship. Privacy- this refers to the tendency of keeping things to oneself. The partners may decide not to disclose anything to each other and this really puts a lot of tension to the relationship since open-ness is not practiced. I have been in an intimate relationship for the past five years. Although there have been fundamental communication differences, at least the theory of dialectical tensions has been evident through out. There have been tensions which require to be solved constantly. First of all, my partner is from a different religious background, very committed and totally unyielding to compromise. Constantly the practices and doctrines he advocates are against my personal beliefs. On the other hand, I am reserved and although religious, I am not overly given into religiosity as was the case with my partner. Dialectical tensions are manifested in that, while my partner desires to have a baby I do not and often it is a subject of debate, something which has been going on and on for the last three years. Although both of us have learnt how to balance the tensions, it has taken quite a number of strategies and a good measure of effort. First of all, we had to agree on how many kids we were going to have if any. Secondly, we were in different careers with different goals in life. The prospects of marriage and therefore of having to raise a family together implied that one or both of us had to make quick changes to career path and it turned out to be me. This obviously was the last thing I had anticipated for and my family members as well as close friends were very much against such a decision. So a decision had to be made and for that matter very fast. To achieve a balance of the contradictions I had to balance between what I wanted for my relationship versus what my friends and family wanted for me. I also had to balance between the career and the prospects of changing as well as the cost that goes with raising a well rounded family. I also had to balance between being faithful and obedient to my spouse and being truthful to myself. Integration/separation. The fact that I was changing career paths in order to be together with my spouse meant that, I was undergoing a major dilemma as far as sacrificing my identity was concerned. We were going to integrate into marriage and therefore someone if not both of us needed to make some sacrifices. I made some. In terms of the advice and discouragement from my friends, I had to ignore their pleas. This was a separation in that, my decision which was final was against their advice and therefore a separation resulted. Stability/change. Having underwent several relationships which were all intimate, switching or at least breaking one and later forming another was a change in itself. This resulted into stability tension in that. Every time I entered into a relationship, I never wanted to break it even if it seemed like it was not headed into a marriage. There was and imminent fear of life without this and that partner and this was a major cause of stability tension for me. Expression/privacy. This tension has continued to grip me to date, disclosing to my partner something has never been easy especially when the consequences are not clear and are unpredictable. In my current relationship, I am the private one while my partner is the open one. While my partner can virtually open up about any issue however damaging or secret, I always find myself struggling to do that. It takes a lot of pestering to get information out of me especially when I consider the information potentially damaging. Strategies of responding to the above tensions. The strategies discussed here are real and have worked for me. In my relationship whereby the partner and I have major differences, including religious beliefs, I had to select to hang by my feelings and choice of action. It was not going to join my partners bandwagon and subscribe to the religious sect he belonged to. This eventually worked as he later accepted my choice. If I had acted in order to please him, I was going to suffer. I would have just sacrificed too much for nothing. In that, my strategy worked. By sticking to my position but still maintaining the relationship, I learnt how to cope with the tension of differences. In all other relationships before marriage, I ended up adopting separation strategy hence the reason why I would break up if a relationship was not working. Reaffirmation to me was not an ideal strategy in my relationship, although I hold the view that, it is applicable in cases whereby a spouse may be sickly but however serious the condition, the loved ones look up to the person getting well one day. In some cases it could be that, a relationship is abusive and a partner keeps on promising that they will change although actually nothing ever happens. Reframing again for me is a strategy I use in my current situation whereby I look at the demands of my relationship differently and therefore gives a new meaning to every contradiction. The tension of having to change career path so as to marry was a dialectical tension I overcame using the reframing strategy. Conclusion. Dialectical theory is very much effective for relationships and I would suggest it to all of the buddies out there who are undergoing hard times in their relationships. From the meanings to the strategies, an in-depth solution to tensions is offered. Therefore theoretical theory is an ideal alternative to solving crisis in relationships.

Swot Analysis of Safaricom

mplemented effectively, have the greatest impact. Regardless of the scope of your marketing plan, you must keep in mind that it is a fluid document. Every business needs to begin with a well structured plan that is based in thorough research, competitive positioning and attainable outcomes. Your plan should be the basis for your activities over the coming months. However, you should always be willing to enhance or redirect your plan based on what proves successful. Marketing Plan Basics 1. Market Research Collect, organize, and write down data about the market that is currently buying the product(s) or service(s) you will sell.Some areas to consider: * Market dynamics, patterns including seasonality * Customers – demographics, market segment, target markets, needs, buying decisions * Product – what's out there now, what's the competition offering * Current sales in the industry * Benchmarks in the industry * Suppliers – vendors that you will need to rely on 2. Ta rget Market Find niche or target markets for your product and describe them. Ads by Google Choose Gmail Free Email by Google Switch to Gmail, Sign up now! Mail. Google. com Construction Projects Construction & Infrastructure Projects, Sample the Service Now BusinessMonitor. com/AfricaSWOT Analysis Tool Get a free 30 day trial of Mindjet and create SWOT Analysis easily. www. Mindjet. com Be Brilliant @ EMarketing Over 50 eMarketing Tools.. SAVE over 25% -Nairobi Training www. dolphinsgroup. co. ke 3. Product Describe your product. How does your product relate to the market? What does your market need, what do they currently use, what do they need above and beyond current use? 4. Competition Describe your competition. Develop your â€Å"unique selling proposition. † What makes you stand apart from your competition? What is your competition doing about branding? 5. Mission Statement Write a few sentences that state: â€Å"Key market† – who you're selling to * †Å"Contribution† – what you're selling * â€Å"Distinction† – your unique selling proposition 6. Market Strategies Write down the marketing and promotion strategies that you want to use or at least consider using. Strategies to consider: * Networking – go where your market is * Direct marketing – sales letters, brochures, flyers * Advertising – print media, directories * Training programs – to increase awareness * Write articles, give advice, become known as an expert * Direct/personal selling * Publicity/press releases * Trade shows * Web site 7. Pricing, Positioning and BrandingFrom the information you've collected, establish strategies for determining the price of your product, where your product will be positioned in the market and how you will achieve brand awareness. 8. Budget Budget your dollars. What strategies can you afford? What can you do in house, what do you need to outsource. 9. Marketing Goals Establish quantifiab le marketing goals. This means goals that you can turn into numbers. For instance, your goals might be to gain at least 30 new clients or to sell 10 products per week, or to increase your income by 30% this year. Your goals might include sales, profits, or customer's satisfaction. 0. Monitor Your Results Test and analyze. Identify the strategies that are working. * Survey customers * Track sales, leads, visitors to your web site, percent of sales to impressions Related ArticlesSample Marketing PlanMarket Plan Worksheet| | By researching your markets, your competition, and determining your unique positioning, you are in a much better position to promote and sell your product or service. By establishing goals for your marketing campaign, you can better understand whether or not your efforts are generating results through ongoing review and evaluation of results.As mentioned earlier in this article, be sure to use your plan as a living document. Successful marketers continually review the status of their campaigns against their set objectives. This ensures ongoing improvements to your marketing initiatives and helps with future planning. mplemented effectively, have the greatest impact. Regardless of the scope of your marketing plan, you must keep in mind that it is a fluid document. Every business needs to begin with a well structured plan that is based in thorough research, competitive positioning and attainable outcomes. Your plan should be the basis for your activities over the coming months.However, you should always be willing to enhance or redirect your plan based on what proves successful. Marketing Plan Basics 1. Market Research Collect, organize, and write down data about the market that is currently buying the product(s) or service(s) you will sell. Some areas to consider: * Market dynamics, patterns including seasonality * Customers – demographics, market segment, target markets, needs, buying decisions * Product – what's out there now, what's the competition offering * Current sales in the industry * Benchmarks in the industry * Suppliers – vendors that you will need to rely on . Target Market Find niche or target markets for your product and describe them. Ads by Google Choose Gmail Free Email by Google Switch to Gmail, Sign up now! Mail. Google. com Construction Projects Construction & Infrastructure Projects, Sample the Service Now BusinessMonitor. com/Africa SWOT Analysis Tool Get a free 30 day trial of Mindjet and create SWOT Analysis easily. www. Mindjet. com Be Brilliant @ EMarketing Over 50 eMarketing Tools.. SAVE over 25% -Nairobi Training www. dolphinsgroup. co. ke 3. Product Describe your product. How does your product relate to the market?What does your market need, what do they currently use, what do they need above and beyond current use? 4. Competition Describe your competition. Develop your â€Å"unique selling proposition. † What makes you stand apart from your competition? What is y our competition doing about branding? 5. Mission Statement Write a few sentences that state: * â€Å"Key market† – who you're selling to * â€Å"Contribution† – what you're selling * â€Å"Distinction† – your unique selling proposition 6. Market Strategies Write down the marketing and promotion strategies that you want to use or at least consider using.Strategies to consider: * Networking – go where your market is * Direct marketing – sales letters, brochures, flyers * Advertising – print media, directories * Training programs – to increase awareness * Write articles, give advice, become known as an expert * Direct/personal selling * Publicity/press releases * Trade shows * Web site 7. Pricing, Positioning and Branding From the information you've collected, establish strategies for determining the price of your product, where your product will be positioned in the market and how you will achieve brand awareness. 8 . Budget Budget your dollars. What strategies can you afford?What can you do in house, what do you need to outsource. 9. Marketing Goals Establish quantifiable marketing goals. This means goals that you can turn into numbers. For instance, your goals might be to gain at least 30 new clients or to sell 10 products per week, or to increase your income by 30% this year. Your goals might include sales, profits, or customer's satisfaction. 10. Monitor Your Results Test and analyze. Identify the strategies that are working. * Survey customers * Track sales, leads, visitors to your web site, percent of sales to impressions Related ArticlesSample Marketing PlanMarket Plan Worksheet| |By researching your markets, your competition, and determining your unique positioning, you are in a much better position to promote and sell your product or service. By establishing goals for your marketing campaign, you can better understand whether or not your efforts are generating results through ongoing r eview and evaluation of results. As mentioned earlier in this article, be sure to use your plan as a living document. Successful marketers continually review the status of their campaigns against their set objectives. This ensures ongoing improvements to your marketing initiatives and helps with future planning.

Identify any Changes in the CEO during the Past Three Years Essay

Identify any Changes in the CEO during the Past Three Years - Essay Example The auditor and his partner performed the audit services for three years in the company and their financial reporting implications are as under: I examined the audit report 2009 of the firm because this is the last year of the Mark & Co. as an auditor with its partner NA Calder. In this report they examined concise financial statement first, according to them concise financial statement has been prepared in accordance with Accounting Standards AASB 1039: Concise Financial Report, and the Corporation Act 20012. They also acknowledge that the financial report of the company and controlled entities comply with all Australian equivalents to International Financial Reporting Standards (AIFRS) and the currency presentation used in the reports is Australian dollars. Auditor and its partner report that company’s financial statements have been prepared under going concern concept, which excogitate the routine business activities and realization of assets and the settlement of obligatio ns in the normal way of business. Further, revenue for the current year is declined by 22%3 as compared to previous year due to decline in production, on-going pump issues and oil price declining trend via global uncertainty. Company wants to enhance its revenue; in this regard they formed joint ventures with Kakadu/Didgeridoo and Ash Creek for the development work and well testing to increase revenues with based on production. As per depreciation policy, Oil and gas properties, plant and equipment, other than freehold land are depreciated on a unit of production basis. The remaining assets are depreciated under the diminishing balance method. As per auditor’s findings company already spend $4,122,903 on the extensive work program with The Grieve Oil Field, the result of this work are expected by the end of the current year and the present work is unsuccessful. In this way, company has to impair this amount because financial statement doesn’t reflect any adjustment yet . In 2010 PKF appointed was the auditor with Bruce Gorden as a partner. I examined their report as well and found the following implications in their report. They examined the company’s financial statement and acknowledge that company maintained its financial statements in accordance with Accounting Standard AASB 101 Presentation of Financial Statements, that compliance with Australian Equivalents to International Financial Reporting Standards and in accordance with Corporation Act 20014. They mentioned that group incurred a net loss $3,264,663 for the year and had net cash outflows of $2,111,538. As per their opinion group didn’t maintain its appropriate levels of funding and have a doubt about the group’s ability to continue as going concern because they are unable to realize its assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal course of business. As per financial report, it didn’t include any adjustment regarding the recoverability and classification of recorded assets and liabilities. As per the auditor, it is necessary if the company does not continue as a going concern. These are the above findings have been observed due to the auditor’s changing during the year. iii. Note any non-audit services and their relative value provided by the auditor and comment on the implications for auditor-independence In 2009 the board of directors was satisfied that the provision of non audit services, which was

Nurse Leader Interview Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Nurse Leader Interview - Essay Example Being honest and fair to everyone, besides sharing information with everyone and operating an open door policy, should dominate the character traits of an effective leader. The leader should go deep to ensure that they have personal contact with their employees through either face-to-face meetings or phone calls to clarify issues or seek for suggestions. In case of a problem, the leader encourages everyone to listen and learn from one another in order to build cohesion and interactivity at the workplace. A good leader does not perceive one’s position as a status but, instead, a responsibility; the leader also understands that assigned authority means that the buck stops with them. For this reason, they bear the ultimate responsibility of making the final decision. Changes in Leadership Style Because of Evolving Leadership Role From my understanding, leadership is dynamic and nursing leaders find themselves adopting new leadership styles depending on situations. Long-term exper ience in leadership and circumstances opens nurse leaders to new leadership roles that make them adopt new styles of leadership. For instance, I have made tremendous changes in my leadership style over the recent years with a notable change being adoption of facilitative and transformational leadership traits. This change has been propagated by the new demands of the medical system, which requires nurse leaders to participate in strategic decision-making and facilitate growth and development in healthcare provision. There is no doubt that our healthcare system has been facing several challenges over a long period. However, there is a sigh of relief, as the system seems to be undoing a transformation process considering the newly enacted laws in the recent past that seek to fill in the existing gaps in the system. The Congress has been steadfast to address key concerns about the ever-escalating costs and variable quality that have dogged our system for a considerably long time. The P atient Protection and Affordable Care Act is one of such incredible roles played by the Congress to address major healthcare system challenges of the 21st century (Nordal, 2011). This law in real sense cannot just be seen as a big thing in the healthcare industry – it must be valued for being transformative. This law, among other things happening in the healthcare industry, both good and bad ones, is a clear manifestation that leadership in healthcare is not just about performing a job, but all about bringing difference. This means that nurse leadership will be about not only motivating, guiding and directing teams but also facilitating change and progress. The evolving role of healthcare leaders demands that they become part of the solution to the diverse challenges the healthcare system is facing nationally and at a professional level (Nordal, 2011). In other words, leaders should be adopting facilitative and transformational leadership traits as the healthcare industry is undergoing a transformation process characterized by standardized quality and increased access for all citizens. New recruits need to be integrated into the strategic objectives of the organization to ensure that they share the same vision with the existing veterans who already understand the facility’s strategic direction. Because I understood my new roles of leading my team into the vision of the medical system, I had to start by thinking about improvements and development as it is a great requirement for a transactional

Health and sefteay Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Health and sefteay - Essay Example 2. Declining Balance Depreciation Method. This is an accelerated depreciation technique that calculates twice the value of the asset every year as an expense as compared to the straight-line method. The method is precise when the asset is expected to generate large revenues in its early life. The book value used in this method at the beginning of the depreciation year is the original cost of the asset while later in the year it is equivalent to the original cost less the accumulated depreciation. 3. Sum of the Years Digits (SYD) Method. This is also an accelerated technique for calculating the depreciation of an asset. It involves summing up the expected life of the asset for each consecutive depreciating year. For n years, the formula would be SYD = n (n + 1)/2. The depreciation is then calculated by multiplying the total depreciable amount of useful life of the asset by the remaining useful life divided by the SYD. The straight-line method is different from the other two techniques in that the amount of the deduction for depreciation is similar for each year of the life of the asset. This ensures that the method prevents bias in situations in which the depreciation pattern or the economic benefits of the asset are difficult to estimate. Hence it is most applicable where the useful life of the asset is long and when the economic benefits of the asset are difficult to estimate. The declining balance depreciation method is also referred to as double declining balance rate and it varies from the other methods in that it allows for larger amounts of depreciation during the early life of the asset as compared to later. It is most applicable when the asset is expected to generate a greater income during its early useful life. The Sum of the Years Digits (SYD) Method is different from the other two methods in that the numbers assigned to the consecutive useful years of the asset are summed up. For ‘n’ useful years, the sum of the

Apple Store Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Apple Store - Research Paper Example The Pasadena Apple store has a variety of products and services. The store has a variety of products and services that meets all age groups and both male and female customers. The store deals in hardware products like iPod touch, iPhone, Apple Cinema Displays, Apple TV, Mac Pro, Mac Mini and Airport Cards (Carlton 165). They have a variety of Apple accessories like mice and wireless keyboards. They have up to date online services termed as Apple Store online. Customers can configure their phones for fast and efficient services. The store has products like computers, which has faster and larger hard drives than any other computer store. The store has simplified inventory that provide instant availability of information on the products and services (Jeffreys 254). The store provides its customers with Apple software that include IWork and ILife applications bundles, Mac OS X, Shake, DVD Pro Studio and miscellaneous software titles. The store has games, quality printers, memory upgrade software, scanners and digital cameras. The store has up to date brands like Mac OS X and Mac Book. Apple Inc has designed this store to suit customer’s needs (Jeffreys 252). The store provides Mac Book brands that meet the customers’ requirements. The store is in line with the California’s regulatory authority. The store has product licenses that are verified by the local authority and the Apple Inc to provide efficient services to their customers (Terry 4B). The retail shop has evolved from just being a computer company to a true consumer brand. The company initially had Mac Book computer line, however, after the expansion; the retail shop added the Iphone and IPod (Lewis 121). This has made the retail shop be ranked one of the best in California. The overall interest of the quantity and product assortment of the retail has improved over the years. The retail shop is producing a variety of products meeting their

Concept of Operations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Concept of Operations - Essay Example The systems development lifecycle starts with the product plan, followed by the phase deliverables, the concept development, the requirements definition, the preliminary design, and goes all the way to project completion. Therefore, prior to preliminary and detail design steps, it is important that the requirements of the system are defined in line with the concept being developed. A concept of operations thus outlines these requirements by incorporating the user’s views or ideas. It means that any systems engineer needs to address these requirements as being the functional concepts, as well as being the perspectives of the system users and customers. The CONOPs should ensure that components that are less important are either done away with or minimized. The most common critical aspects in SDLC include the current system that the client needs to overhaul, the reasons for a new system, a detailed explanation of the proposed system, and the operational factors of the system by the user, both external and internal. In this light, analysis of CONOPs ensures that the operational needs of the user are addressed without necessarily getting lost in detailed technical aspects. This helps in meeting the set timelines of the project

Passing by Nella Larsen Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Passing by Nella Larsen - Essay Example The selection and the portrayal of the thematic issues in the novel just as is the case with many other types of literature relies on the selection of the literary elements as the below analysis of Passing portrays. Key among the literary elements is the use of first person narration in the novel. A voice is always essential in a novel since the author adopts a particular voice in conveying his or her message through the plot. In the Passing, the author adopts the first person narration technique. The author narrates the story through the experiences of the lead character, Irene Redfield. Living in the Harlem area of New York, Irene Redfield is a mixed race woman who strives to integrate in the racial discriminate American society at the time. The story in the novel thus recounts he life and experiences of Irene Redfield and her numerous white and African American friends as they face numerous challenges. The action in the novel opens up with Irene receiving a letter from her long lost friend, Clare Kendry. The letter reminds her of their times together and the experiences they had in the city. The author of the novel therefore stylistically transfers her audience back into the history of the characters through a literary device known as flash back. Irene remembers her relationship with Clare the two women are both of mixed ancestry. They therefore underwent similar treatments by the society. Their passionate friendship broke soon after Clare’s father died since she went to live with her aunt in a different state. The separation implied that the two would grow up differently (Wall 101). As such, they became two different women a feature in the novel that validates the tension that Irene experiences once she receives the letter. The flashback is a strategic literary device that the author employs deliberately with the view of providing an adequate platform for comparison. Just as the name suggests and the plot of the novel portrays,

Response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 20

Response - Essay Example The songs by Styne and Robin were taken from the Broadway show. It is the funny story of Lorelei Lee, a beautiful actress who is very much excited to become the part of Jazz culture. She however is extremely innocent that she does not understand she is a prey for other people’s funs. She is easily taken by flattering. The characteristic feature of this movie is that it is rich with comedic moments and musical numbers. Marilyn Monroe’s beauty and charm is unforgettable. The movie altogether is a brilliant combination of song, love, and laughter. I think Monroe’s performance of the song Diamonds Are a Girls Best Friend and her pink dress would gain any viewer’s immediate attention. This is the main reason I think, why the film was welcomed by a series of enthusiastic reviews. This movie was rated as the sixth highest-grossing film of 1953. It collected total revenue of seven and a half million dollars at the box office. One would surely admire Monroe and Russell for their performances. Evidently, this is the movie that assisted them to become so popular in the Hollywood. It is relevant to discuss a few things about an article ‘Gentlemen consume blondes’ written by Maureen Turim. In this article, Turim explores to what extent the obviously exploitive ‘sexual display’ of Monroe and Russell in Gentlemen prefer Blondes undercut the performers’ own well communicated self-awareness of the display, by ‘cynicism and cleverness’. The author gives particular focus to the way the film depicted female sexuality. In her article, Turim refers to the Anita Loos’s satiric novella of 1925 which was written in the background of the postwar American culture. In the novella, the display of female body was greatly linked to commodity consumption. According to Turim, the success of the movie has to be attributed to various factors including but not limited to Monroe’s charming beauty, Russell’s

A typed report concerning Herman Melville's overall style, typical Essay

A typed report concerning Herman Melville's overall style, typical subjects, influences, etc incorporating specific references to works - Essay Example Melville shows his criticism of the rich Dives who prospers at the expense of orphans at the end of Chapter Two. Melville’s narrator, Ishmael says; ‘Now, that Lazarus should lie stranded there on the curbstone before the door of Dives, this is more wonderful than that an iceberg should be moored to one of the Moluccas. Yet Dives himself, he too lives like a Czar in an ice palace made of frozen sighs, and being a president of a temperance society, he only drinks the tepid tears of orphans.’ Melville incorporated stage directions in his character’s monologues. These helpful directions are in brackets. For example, Ishmael narrates this in Chapter Two; ‘Euroclydon! says old Dives, in his red silken wrapper- (he had a redder one afterwards) pooh, pooh!’ The narrator has long soliloquies in order to explain to the reader what is happening. Melville’s Bartleby the Scrivener is his famous short story because it deals with Existentialist and Absurdist elements. The character Bartleby works for his lawyer boss. Initially he is hardworking but he changes when he stops working but stays around the office doing nothing. The lawyer tries to help him but Bartleby refuses to cooperate when he answers all requests with; ‘I prefer not to.’ Eventually, Bartleby is imprisoned for being a nuisance to society and he slowly starves himself to death because he prefers not to eat. Bartleby demonstrates his Existentialist unique position as a responsible individual who makes his own choices. Melville incorporates his philosophies of anti-rationalism and anti-empiricism into Bartleby. Melville wanted this work to have absurdist ideas so he made Bartleby behave in absurd ways. Melville’s poem, John Marr And Other Sailors, speaks to the reader in a direct manner which is typical of Melville’s style of narration that he used in his novel and short story. His philosophies of anti-rationalism

Electric Motor driven Water Pump activated by Temperature Sensor Essay Example for Free

Electric Motor driven Water Pump activated by Temperature Sensor Essay In recent times the farmers have been using irrigation technique through manual control in which the farmer irrigate the land at regular intervals by turning the water pump on/off when required. This process sometimes consumes more water and sometimes the water supply land is delayed due to which the crops dry out. It is an electromechanical system. There is advance mechanical water pump which will use to irrigate the crops in farms. The dc electric motor (permanent magnet dc motor or PMDC) will be used to drive this pump. The motor is controlled by the controller which is connected to the battery and the temperature sensor which give a signal to the controller when the surrounding temperature will increase or decrease. The temperature is set to (35OC) in the controller whenever it will increase or decrease from the set temperature it will automatically turn on/off the motor with the help of controller and battery which is connected with it. After that with the help of motor water pump which is connected to the motor will send water to the farms. It will useful for those crops which need constant water and should soak during the growth which will reduce the dry out problems of crops. Block Diagram of Electric motor driven Water Pump. 101917515367000 PARTS WHICH WE ARE USING FOR THIS PROJECT. Waterproof temperature sensor Battery PMDC electric motor Temperature controller Mechanical water pump PROBLEMS Two of the most widely recognized issues with cultivating water system frameworks need to do with water system booking. Water system booking is just noting the inquiries of When do I water? and To what extent do I water?. Beginning a water system cycle too soon as well as running a water system cycle too long is considered overwatering. At any rate, this training squanders water and cash. Be that as it may, over watering can cause edit harm if done on a delayed premise. In like manner, beginning a water system cycle past the point of no return or not running the framework for a sufficiently long timeframe is considered under watering and can cause decreased yields and poor harvest quality which can influence cost. There is also one most common problem which is faced by most of the farmers is field situated miles away from their homes. They have to travel daily base at several time to start or stop the irrigation water pump which is too important for the crops which consume more time. some time due to over irrigation and under irrigation crops are damaged by which farmer face big loss as shown in picture 1.1. Some farmers have more land and they have more need of manpower because of manual turning on/off for water pump which will take more time and become costly because of labor. . Problems sometimes without automatic irrigation system picture of the farm. AIM/OBJECTIVES A model of controlling irrigation facilities to help millions of people. In many countries, agriculture plays an important role in shaping up the economy and the climate conditions are anisotropic. the main purpose of this project is to save crops from dry out and the time which is also important in human life. The model uses temperature sensor technology with the controller to make smart switching devices. It is the basic automatic switching mechanism of motor water pump using the sensor from surrounding temperature. This system can be operated at night and water which loss from evaporation is thus minimized. The most significant advantage is that water is supplied only when the temperature is increased and the plant has need of water. It works according to temperature and keeps soil soaked whenever it going to dry because of temperature. It will also reduce the consumption of water and save the lot of water which will more beneficial for the dry areas of the world. There is also one more biggest advantage of this project is it will also help to increase the production of the crops and save crops from dry out which is also good for the farmers and those countries which totally depend on the farming. It is the highly sensitive product with the low cost by which poor farmers can also buy this in their budget. With the help of automatic irrigation system picture of a farm.

Humanity Is The Only Religion Theology Religion Essay

Humanity Is The Only Religion Theology Religion Essay Humanity is an important part of life which tells that to help others, try to understand other and realize the people problems with our own eyes and try to help them For showing humanity you dont need to be a rich person, even a poor person can sow humanity by helping someone or sharing his or her food, etc. When you show humanity you have a feel click or a pinch from your inner soul which you cannot get from something else. Every religion tells us about humanity, peace and love that is why no religion is higher than humanity. I should like to help everyone if possible, Muslims, Hindus, Christines, Jew, gentile, black men, white. We all want to help one another; human beings are like that. We all want to live by each others happiness, not by each others misery. We dont want to hate and despise one another. In this world there is room for everyone and the earth is rich and can provide for everyone. Charlie Chaplin (http://www.quotes.net/mquote/38952) Yeah today I will tell stories of three people who are the biggest example of humanity and they are human lover. Firstly just imagine yourself I fill this class with garbage how will you feel like you will not stay in this but there is one who go in that garbage search there and you what he found. He found a dead body of child he took that body washed it and buried that body and from that day he used to search in garbage with his wife this man is no other than Mr. Abdul Sattar Edhi the lover of humanity . He is the founder and head of the Edhi Foundation, a non-profit social welfare organization in Pakistan. He is the man who serve is whole life serving for humanity without any selfishness. He has bathed and buried over a thousand unclaimed bodies in a time when selfishness and greed are at their peak and nobody seems to know the meaning of words like altruism and selflessness. His achievements in the field of charity are bound to make one think that his name is synonymous to nobility and humanity. And today he is running Pakistan biggest network of ambulances and shelter. Moreover his charity does not discriminate based on religion, race or gender. For him, religion is human rights. Edhi has spent many sleepless nights working and serving for humanity whether it is to bury unclaimed bodies or feeding any poor. Besides it he lives a simple life living in small house many of times he used to sleep on the concrete or on the small batch outside his shop his qualities makes him the man of simplicity and human being lover. As Edhi Said: No religion is higher than Humanity Secondly I will talk tell you about a person who is basically a Pakistani but he is living in Canada he had son named as Ali and his son was 18 years old this man lost his son in accident. The accident was like that his son was working part time as pizza delivery boy when he was on the way for the delivery one black guy who was also of his age come before him and said him money but Ali was honest with his job he refuse that and that guy shoot him that time. When Alis father came to know about his sons death he was in shock and after few days police caught the person who killed his son and called Alis father to come when he reach there he came to know that boy who killed his son is 18 years old he is orphan u people know at that time what he said u guys cant believe it Alis father said I dont want to do any case on this boy I want to adopt this boy and want to take all responsibilities of this boy because today I lost my son I dont want tomorrow somebody else lose his 18 years old son . Just for a minute place yourself on the place of Alis father what will be you feeling your 18 years old son shoot dead. Alis father this act of humanity raise whole mankind and today he has 4 orphanages in Canada where he take responsibility of around 800 children. Thirdly the person I am talking about is the well-known personality the person who give us world cup in 1992 he is great leader and humanity lover he is Imran Khan. Most notable among his humanitarian efforts has been the establishment of Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, named after his late mother. It is Pakistans first and only cancer hospital that provides 75% free health care, and was built on public donations. Imran is now building a second hospital in Karachi, based on the successful Lahore model. In 1994, he inaugurated Namal College, a technical college which is now an associated college of University of Bradford. (http://www.imrankhanfoundation.org/about-ikf/the-board/) Although these people do things for humanity on larger scale we should come on ourselves what we have do for humanity every day we spend our time hanging around with friends going outside for parties have we ever feed a poor person on the road have we ever realize how poor people live their lives no we havent because we never realize that for what we are in this world we never realize our duties towards humanity. We should must realize for what we are in this world because every religion teach us humanity and one who serve humanity is the happiest man on the globe real happiness is your inner satisfaction which you can get by serving humanity what so ever how much you are rich you cant buy inner happiness. In last I would only say to any religion you belong be a human first be a human lover strive for humanity as every religion teach us humanity and share your life with others as life is all about living for others and serving humanity that is why no religion is higher than Humanity so start serving for humanity from today by doing a small of act of kind what gives you inner happiness and satisfactions Thank you

The Legalization Of Marijuana For Medicinal Purposes Health Essay

The Legalization Of Marijuana For Medicinal Purposes Health Essay The legalization of marijuana for medicinal purposes has become an increasingly controversial topic, with many different issues on which people have many different opinions. There is opposition to the legalization of marijuana for medicinal purposes because it has the potential to be used incorrectly, however it is also considered that there is the potential for marijuana to be used in relieving the suffering of many seriously ill patients. Marijuana has been used by people for thousands of years to provide relief from many different serious medical problems. There are many doctors who currently support the effectiveness of using marijuana as treatment for various medical conditions. The many people who are suffering from cancer, multiple sclerosis, and AIDS have found that marijuana can be a very effective pain and symptom reliever. ÂÂ  The legalization of marijuana for medicinal purposes is viewed by its opposers as one of the worst things that we could do. Their reasons are that they feel that marijuana should not be legalized for medical use because it is an illegal substance and until that is changed, prescribing it is against the law. Attorney General Janet Reno announced that physicians in any state who prescribe the drug could lose the privilege of writing prescriptions, be excluded from medicare and Medicaid reimbursements, and even be prosecuted for a federal crime (Kassier 1). Government officials such as Janet Reno are not the only ones to object to the legalization of marijuana. Many parents groups like Mothers Against Drunk Drivers object to the legalization of marijuana for medical uses. Their objections come from a reasonable concern that there has been an increase in the use of marijuana by youth. Their concern is expanded since the marijuana of today is much more potent than the marijuana of a few decades ago. The potential for these teens to obtain the drug would increase. Also, the Federal Health and Drug enforcement officials feel tha t by legalizing marijuana, they would be sending the wrong message to young people (Your Health 1). Strong evidence that shows that regular use of marijuana for long periods of time could cause severe lung damage (Your Health 3). If the use of marijuana could damage a patients lungs, then the risk could outweigh the benefit. Marijuana smoke can be twice as toxic as tobacco smoke to a human lung. The strongest point that many make opposing the legalization of marijuana is that there just is no clear evidence that smoking marijuana can help an individual who is ill (Marijuana for the Sick 2). Countless amounts of research has been done but both sides have countered each other with facts and studies. What are the benefits and what are the clear cut negatives? The concept of using marijuana for medical use is nothing new. Marijuana is one of the oldest drugs known to man, the use of it has been documented as far back as 2700 B.C. in a Chinese manuscript. The Chinese would injest or inhale the Marijuana and feel pain relief for headaches and small aches and pains (Marijuana 1). The Chinese spread the concept over time, and while it never began a popular drug in most other societies, it still existed and was a common pain reliever. In 1839, a respected member of the Royal Academy of Science, Dr. W. B. OShaugnessy, was one of the first in the medical profession, who presented positive facts dealing with marijuana and medicine (History in Brief 3). His work helped open up the medical world to marijunas medical usees. The drug itself was not used as a popular recreational drug at the time and for this reason few saw a problem with using it for medical purposes. From 1840 to 1900, more than one hundred articles by American and European medical j ournals were published that showed the therapeutic uses of marijuana (Bakalar 2). Marijuana was recommended to stimulate appetites, and relax muscles, so if marijuana was effective in treating those ailments during this time period. Its defenders point out that the drug was praised by the patients and doctors alike. In 1988, Judge Francis Young, an examiner on administrative issues for the Drug Enforcement Agency, recommended that marijuana be reclassified for medical use, because the current acceptance of marijuana is present if a respectable minority of doctors support it. (A Doctors Report 1). The same Journal of the American Medical Association article, pointed out that even though the medical history of marijuana is five thousand years old, it has almost all been forgotten. Marijuana has already been legalized for medical use by both California and Arizona. In order to be passed, these laws required a majority vote by the public and by Congress that favored the legalization of marijuana. In 1991, eighty percent of the San Francisco voters approved of legalizing marijuana, and seventy-seven percent of Santa Cruz voters also agreed (History of Medical Marijuana 1). Since these laws were passed, there is proof of support for the legalization of marijuana for medicinal purposes. California and Arizona may be the only states that have legalized marijuana for medicinal purposes, but they are not the only states that have considered the legalization of medicinal marijuana. Massachusetts, had previously passed laws that permitted their citizens to use marijuana for medical purposes under some circumstances (Reefer Madness 2). Many states have passed laws that lessen the prosecution of those doctors who prescribe marijuana (Federal Foolishness and Marijuana 2). There have also been many polls showing that the public favors the use of marijuana for medical purposes (Reefer Madness 2). With all of this support for legalizing marijuana, it is only a matter of time before the prosecution of doctors for prescribing marijuana and patients for using marijuana as medicine ceases. Another powerful supporting factor for the legalization of marijuana is the endorsement of physicians. During a random survey of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, one thousand thirty-five members responded with surprising results (A Doctors Report 1). Almost half of the doctors said that they would prescribe marijuana if it were legal, and forty-four percent of them said that they had already recommended it to a patient (A Doctors Report 1). If there are doctors who are recommending marijuana, even at the risk of prosecution, it is obvious that they strongly believe that it can be very useful in the treatment of their patients. In addition, almost two thirds of the doctors also agreed that marijuana was an effective anti-emetic (A Doctors Report 1). This is important because of the life-threatening dehydration that can accompany emesis, which is usually known as vomiting. Doctors are allowed to prescribe narcotics for pain relief, such as morphine a! nd meperdine, which have been known to cause death during overdose, yet they are not allowed to prescribe marijuana as a medicine, even though marijuana has never been known to kill anyone (Federal Foolishness 2). Scientists have discovered that the reason that marijuana is so effective in treating many of the symptoms of the terminally ill is because of a chemical called THC, which is the main active ingredient in marijuana. Even though science has found a way to make a synthetic THC, marketed as Marinol (Lost in the Weed 1), it is extremely expensive, and it does seem to cause higher levels of depression and anxiety (Lost in the Weed 1). Other side effects of the synthetic THC are extreme dizziness and unsteady gait (Your Health 3). These side effects alone may be difficult to deal with, but many of these patients are already dealing with harmful side effects from the medicines they are taking for the treatment of their illness. They should not have to take a pill that is supposed to relieve them of side effects that causes additional side effects. Another negative aspect of Marinol that is experienced by patients and documented by doctors is that the synthetic THC, and! the THC from marijuana react differently in the body. There is also a convincing body of research, some of it now two decades old, shows that smoked marijuana suppresses nausea better than Marinol pills and with fewer side effects. (Your Health 3). Also, many patients are combatting nausea and vomiting, and it can be difficult for them to keep the expensive Marinol pill down (Medical Marijuana Debate Moving Toward Closure 3). If terminally ill patients have tried many different treatments, which have not been successful, and find that smoking marijuana helps them with their symptoms, with fewer side effects, and less expensively, then the patients should legally be able to have the option to make that choice. Cancer patients have found marijuana to be very effective in treating the side effects of chemotherapy. In an article in Time, Marijuana: Where Theres Smoke, Theres Fire, cancer patient Jo Daly, has described her experience with chemotherapy as a nuclear implosion of nausea. She went on to discuss feeling a burning pain under the nails of her fingers and toes. After she had tried many different alternatives to relieve her pain, she tried marijuana which seemed to be the only drug effective in relieving her pain. Jo Daly is not the only one to find marijuana effective in relieving the discomforts of chemotherapy. During the late seventies, and mid-eighties, six states performed research on how well marijuana operated on combatting chemotherapy related nausea and vomiting (Medical use of Marijuana 2). Their studies concluded that marijuana an extremely effective way to deal with the side effects of chemotherapy (Medical use of Marijuana 2). Prevention and con! trol of nausea and vomiting is paramount in the treatment of cancer patients (Information for Physicians 1). The reason that nausea and vomiting needs to be controlled is that, These can result in serious metabolic derangements, nutritional depletion, deterioration of a patients physical and mental status, withdrawal from potentially useful and curative antineoplastic treatment, and degeneration of self-care and functional ability. (Information for Physicians 1). For cancer patients it is very important to control their nausea and vomiting and marijuana seems to be able to accomplish this. It seems reasonable to allow patients the option and make medical marijuana available for their use. Another disease that marijuana seems to be useful in pain relief is multiple sclerosis. Multiple sclerosis is a painful central nervous disease for which there is no known cure. The most common complaint of multiple sclerosis patients is the pain of powerful muscle spasms, vertigo, and double vision, all of which can make life nearly unbearable (A Daughters Pain 1). There are some patients who say that marijuana can help in relieving them of these symptoms (A Daughters Pain 1). Even though there are existing medications offered to treat multiple sclerosis, many choose marijuana to relieve them of their suffering (A Daughters Pain 1). The reason for this is that other medications often result in severe side effects, that marijuana does not seem to have (A Daughters Pain 1). There is no documentation of this because there have been no controlled clinical trials that have compared marijuana with existing legal drugs (Your Health 3). There is proof, however, in! the fact that many patients choose to purchase marijuana to relieve their pain at any cost. Some patients are even willing to go to jail to get their marijuana, because for them, it is the only thing that proves to be effective (Federal Foolishness and Marijuana 1). Marijuana has also been found useful for treating patients with AIDS. It seems that marijuana can positively help AIDS patients in several ways. Some ways that marijuana can help is by relieving stress and depression, eliminating nausea, reducing pain, and fighting the AIDS wasting syndrome by enhancing the appetite (Stop Using Patients as Pawns!!! 1). Even though there are many treatments, AIDS patients who are in the final stages of the disease still suffer greatly. The legal options for these AIDS patients are the human growth hormone, another type of hormone called Megace, and the synthetic THC pill, Marinol (Your Health 3). These are the only FDA approved drugs for treating AIDS wasting syndrome, but some patients say that these are not adequate substitutes for marijuana (Your Health 3). It was said by one patient on Marinol that, All it did was make me groggy without enhancing my appetite., but marijuana has been found to increase the appetites of AIDS p! atients. AIDS activists and the doctors who treat the disease report that marijuana is also useful for suppressing the nausea thats a side effect of several anti AIDS drugs (Your Health 3). Another vital concern when dealing with an AIDS patients is their immune system. However, when studying HIV-positive men who used marijuana, it was determined that the marijuana did not seem to accelerate the deterioration of their immune systems (Your Health 4). This is another important consideration in treating this deadly disease. There are many different viewpoints on the use of marijuana as a medicine. These different points of view result in many important issues regarding the use of an illegal drug for medicinal use. Even though there are many people who are against legalizing marijuana for medical purposes, there are just as many who feel that if used correctly, marijuana can be an essential part of treating serious diseases. For centuries marijuana has been used to help those who are in need of effective pain relief . There are many doctors and patients, who feel that the usefulness and effectiveness of marijuana is being overlooked. As a result, many doctors are recommending the use of marijuana, regardless of the possible legal issues. Many patients, who are suffering from cancer, multiple sclerosis, and AIDS, have discovered that marijuana is a drug that provides them with much needed relief and they are using marijuana regardless of the consequences. In basic terms Marijuana may hav! e long term adverse effects and its use may presage serious addictions, but neither long-term side effects nor addictions is a relevant issue in such patients (Federal Foolishness and Marijuana 1) While advocating the legalization of marijuana as a recreational drug would be detrimental to society, its effectiveness for medicinal uses is clear and needs to be seriously considered.

Destiny, Fate, Free Will and Free Choice in Oedipus the King - Driven b

The Role of Fate in Oedipus Rex Before we approach this complex question inductively, we are at first obliged to contemplate what definitions and assumptions are being made. This essay, perhaps more so than others, requires a more extensive look at this aspect of the question, because of the sheer variety of possible responses. However, I now have reduced them to three possibilities. Firstly, we could make the assumption that perhaps as destiny controls all fates, then Oedipus' character was created long before he was conceived. On the other hand, we could also say that perhaps Oedipus' horrific fate came about because of his character and fate. The final possibility is that everything is inevitable - therefore no one ever has had any say in their own fate, let alone Oedipus. In this essay I would like to discuss these three ideas, and perhaps draw a conclusion at the end on which I feel to be the most valid. The first solution to this question, as I said earlier, is the idea that destiny makes character. As destiny supposedly in the Greek mindset maps out all events before they occur, we can today assume with this logic that perhaps the components that "built" Oedipus' character were caused by fate. We know today that character is determined by biological factors and experience. These biological factors would have been determined by how well he was fed, how well he developed, his genes etcetera. The experience would have also been determined by the pre-destined master plan of Fate. Thus it is possible to argue that Oedipus, as components of his character and mind, was entirely shaped by fate and therefore cannot be held responsible for what he has done, as he has no control over his actions. But the premises that th... ...e dealt with in a normal way. This is theatre. It has been crafted to look as though the fall is due to some error of action, strongly interlaced with fate. Yet despite all this, I do not feel that this is how the play has materialised. It seems to me as though Oedipus could not have stopped the actual horrific incest and patricide occurring, only the realisation of it. To me, as a non-believer in fate, nothing is due to Oedipus' character. He seems merely unfortunate, a victim of superstition. Yet to those of you who accept fate, then perhaps this could be the explanation. It is a completely subjective decision, based on a personal interpretation. This is something that I cannot decide. Thus I leave the decision open, but my decision closed. Neither is right, and neither is wrong. Works Cited: Sophocles. Oedipus Rex. New York: Dover Publications, Inc., 1991.

Qualitative and Quantitative Research Methods Essays -- Qualitative R

In this paper, I will define quantitative and qualitative research methods and provide examples in the context of social issues which will hopefully provide insight into how this methods are properly applied. Social issues are very broad and diverse and are usually made up of factors or consequences which directly or indirectly affect a person or many members of a society and are considered to be problems, controversies or both and are related to moral values, therefore their immediate social environment may become vulnerable in some respect which may also effect several individuals environment and in turn society. There are two methods of approaching study of the world; deductive and inductive (L. Osburn, personal communication, August 11, 2011). Quantitative research uses a deductive reasoning also known as top to bottom or (top down approach) starting with a theory, then the hypothesis, followed by observation and finally confirmation , going from the general to the more specific. Quantitative methods use numbers and statistics to show the results of the research exercise and mainly are concerned with mathematics and statistics. In quantitative research there are levels of measurement being firstly nominal which are names of things followed by ordinal sequence of things, interval where the sequence has equal distance between each item, and ratio where there is a true zero (Alston & Bowles, 2003, p. 7-9). Quantitative research is the oldest form of research; it is incredibly formal, stemming from positivism paradigm, or the outside looking in approach. The method is about trying to establish cause and affect relationships between variables. This method can be considered non biased as the researcher isn’t us... ...or hindrance? Outcomes of social work student placements. Australian Social Work, 58(3), 301–312. doi:10.1111/j.1447-0748.2005.00222.x Barria, L., & Roper, S. (2010). The Development of institutions of human rights: A comparative stud. Palgrave Macmillan: New York. Faherty, V. (2008) Compassionate Statistics applied quantitative analysis for social services. Sage Publications: California. Research methods knowledge base, deduction and induction the web centre for social research methods. Retrieved from: http://www.socialresearchmethods.net/kb/dedind.php Coster, P., & Woolf, A. (Eds.).(2011). World book: South Africa’s Anti-Apartheid Movement, (pp. 56-57). Arcturus Publishers: Chicago. Stevenson, H. (1995). Relationship of Adolescent Perceptions of Racial Socialisation to Racial Identity. Journal of Black Psychology. DOI: 10.1177/00957984950211005

Impact of Law Changes on Tourism Industry Essay -- Business Policy

This essay will discuss how recent changes in the law may impact the tourism industry, as it is extremely vulnerable when it comes to these emendations in regulations and that is why politics contributes to these impacts. Governments introduce different laws and regulations which every individual and business must follow or adapt to, organisations often have to change the way they operate due new policies, and these alterations cost a lot of capital and if they fail to follow the rules, organisations can face court for example if customers feel that the facilities doesn’t meet their needs e.g. wheelchair user in a shop with not lift to access the upstairs section. There are plenty of acts that that are opposed such as the equality act 2010, the taxation act 2010, and the environmental protection act 2006 that I will mainly focus on. The purpose of laws in the society is to protect the public and organisations as it allows to distinction in what is right and wrong, it also gives the authority to take actions against wrongness. According to Soanes and Stevenson (2006) law is a rule or system recognised by a country or community as regulating the actions of its member and enforced by the imposing of penalties. Howlettt (2010) stated that there are two types of laws: Criminal law which is concerned with offences against society at large crimes persecuted by the states, and these cases, if of non serious nature, are heard in magistrate court but if of serious nature, they will be heard in the crown courts and tried by jury. Civil law in the other hand is concerned with disputes between private parties, for example consumers and supplies, injured party, issue damage or injunction, and these cases are heard in county court. Laws ha... ...st-body-is-slated-for-role-in-sacking-1.1024158 [accessed: 11 November 2010] Wallop, H. (2010) Tax rise will end benefits brought by air travel, warns BA. The telegraph [Online]. Available at: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/travelnews/air-passenger-duty/8095665/Tax-rise-will-end-benefits-brought-by-air-travel-warns-BA.html [Accessed: 09 November 2010] Poulter, S. (2010) passenger hits with 55% rise in air passenger duty form Monday. Mail online [Online]. Available at: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/travel/article-1324858/Air-Passenger-Duty-rise-Tax-increase-slammed-travel-companies.html [Accessed: 09 November 2010] Soanes, C and Stevenson, A. (2006) concise oxford English dictionary 11th edition, revised. United estates: Oxford University Clements, P and Spinks, T. (2009) The equal Opportunity hand book, 4th edition, rev, London: Kogan Page 2009

Business Model Assignment Essay

Had been very busy lately finishing up on all the marking and a host of other stuff. Why is it that everything has to come together at the same time? Now I have to advise my students on completing their Business Model Assignment. My advise to them: â€Å"Do a little bit every day. Don’t wait until the week of submission and then try to cramp everything in one week. You will go haywire if you do that.† There are four parts to the business model as required in the coursework brief: core strategy, strategic resources, partnership network, and customer interface. Now, we are in Week 4. Try to cover one part in one week, and you will be able to complete your assignment by Week 7. Of course, you would have to compromise on your CNY celebrations. Never mind, you still have many more CNYs to come. :)) In this post, I will touch on the first part – i.e. core strategy. Let me start with business model. A business model is just a simplified description of how a business makes money. Usually, it is the precursor to the business plan. The objective of having a business plan is to â€Å"sell† your project to external financiers or internally to top management. If you have a well-thought out business model, then it forms the basis for writing a good business plan. A business plan may consist of the management team, the business model, the implementation plan, the financial plan, an analysis of the external environments, and maybe also a part on risk analysis. So you see, the business model is actually just a part of the business plan. Okay, now let’s look at core strategy. What exactly do we mean by â€Å"core†? It simply refers to our most valuable customers – who we are selling to. It also refers to our most important product – what we are selling. Also refers to our most important channels – how we are selling. Strategy? It’s just the art and science of today’s business environment i.e. how we differentiate ourselves from others. It refers to us finding our very own space in an over-crowded market. In the marking scheme, marks for this part is allocated for three areas of discussion: the mission statement (3 marks), product and/or market scope (4 marks) and basis for differentiation (4 marks). Let us move to the first of these: the mission statement. The mission statement simply defines what we sell and who we sell to. Having a mission statement provides us and our employees the framework and purpose of the existence of our business. The mission statement can be stated in one sentence or several sentences. Get your group’s members to sit down together and brainstorm on a mission statement for your group’s business venture. If you put your brains together, you will be able to come up with a reasonably good mission statement. Google for examples of mission statements. Learn from the mission statements of others and try formulate a good one for yourself. After your group has come up with the mission statement, then explain your mission statement. So, in this area, two things you need to do: State and explain your mission statement. The next area of discussion is your product and/or market scope. Product scope refers to the number of products you carry for sale in your business. You may build a successful business based on a single product strategy or you may have different lines of product to cater to a larger variety of customers. Your product scope will determine your future marketing strategy, your profit goals, and market saturation. With a single product scope, you build your business around one primary product. You become a specialist and often can build a niche market for your product, especially if you can develop territories over which you have complete control. Management is simple and inventory is easily monitored. A multiple product scope can include selling two or three or hundreds of products. Market scope is similar to product scope. It defines the number of customers you sell to and who they are. Yeah, you are right – it’s akin to market segmentation. You should have studied about market segmentation in your Fundamentals of Marketing course. If you have forgotten, well, just Google and find out. So, in this area, what you need to do is to describe your product/s and/or your customer segments. What’s next? Oh yeah, basis for differentiation. Meaning how you differentiate your product or service with those offered by your competitors. Differentiating your product makes you stand out from the crowd. It represents the X-factor that sways the customer’s preference in your favor. In other words, successful product differentiation creates a  competitive advantage for you because customers will tend to perceive that your product is unique or one of a kind. Product differentiation may be as simple as just changing the way that a product is packaged. It may also be as elaborate as introducing new functionalities to the product. So, in this area, what you need to do is to explain how your product/service is differentiated from those of your competitors.

Chester Barnard’s Management Theory Essay

Management has been in our business culture many years. Ideas of management from the past are applicable to management practices today. In today’s society, managers are seen as a ruling authority that get their jobs done through other people; their employees. Most of the time there is a lack of communication between the managers and their employees resulting in conflicts that may place their company at high risk of failure. Leading and motivating should be the top priorities of a manager. Motivating includes communicating with your employees, dealing and solving problems and encouraging them to do their job to be successful in today’s management business. This all leads us to Chester Barnard’s management theory and his belief of the role of effectiveness within management. Chester Barnard was born in 1886 and died in 1961. He attended Mount Hermon Prep School and later enrolled at Harvard University. While at his position as a telecommunications executive, Bernard was influenced by Walter Gifford, Harvard President A. Lawrence Lowell, Donham. At that time, Chester was president of the New Jersey Bell Telephone Company. In his time he was known for publishing an article on ‘The Functions of the Executive in 1938’ which was an influential 20th century management book. In this article he helped advance thinking about organizations that later on contributed to the management theory. He created two theories which are Theory of Organization and Concept of Authority. â€Å"Authority is the character of a communication in a formal organization by virtue of which it is accepted by a contributor to or ‘member’ of the organization as governing the action he contributes; that is as governing or determining what he does or is not to do so far as the organization is concerned. †

Qweasss

We can put too much weight on anecdotal information and data picked up by chance, which is easily retrieved from memory. B. We may disregard information that does not fit our preconceptions. We may attribute a result to a cause when in fact it may be a random effect. Question 2 For a manager who finds their decision making process, which has already consumed considerable time and energy, going wrong, the best advice is: Selected Answer: Stop, discard the current method, and begin again using a new method. Question 3Which of the following are TRUE statements about quasi-rationality? The perception of cues may be more or less analytical or intuitive depending on the nature of the task for Judgment and its complexity. According to Brother's study (1986), the quasi-rationality of perception means that the same Judge often finds it difficult to explain the process to others and to reproduce the same Judgment consistently. Influences on quasi-rational Judgment are, framing effects, overcon fidence, irrelevant learning, cognitive dissonance, sunk costs, stress, influence from others and personality.Question 4 Which of the following factors are most likely to bias an individual's selection of cues? Data availability. Personal preferences. Personal values. Question 5 Which of the following statements are False? The utility of money is independent of differing farming effects or continuum contexts. D. Managers tend to operate in analytical thinking mode at the extreme of the defined under quasi-rationality. Perception of cues is singular in nature, and each cue is processed independently. Question 6 Experienced managers are not necessarily likely to make better Judgments in an unfamiliar than new managers.True Question 7 Which of the following statements is least true? As a person's experience as a manager increases, their Judgment in both familiar and unfamiliar situations significantly improves. Question 8 Rationality is only a question of whether a choice is in line wi th a person's beliefs and preferences and not a question of what sort of preferences and beliefs that person holds. False Question 9 Which two of the following personality characteristics are NOT likely to contribute to making good decisions? External locus of control.

Little Mermaid Essay

Jackeline Elizabeth Chang Chang 1 Ms. Carr EMS30 24TH, March, 2010 The Little Mermaid The Little Mermaid is a film made in November, 17th, 1989. It was written by John Musker and Ron Clements. This is the story of a mermaid named Ariel, youngest daughter of King Triton, who is dissatisfied with life in the sea. She longs to be with the humans above the surface. She dreams of going on land. She is often caught in arguments with her father over those â€Å"barbaric fish-eaters†. Her father also forbids her to go on land. She goes to meet Ursula, the Sea Witch, to strike a deal, but Ursula has bigger plans for this mermaid and her father. Ariel is the type of girl that wants everything to go her way. She does everything she pleases. In the movie Ariel portrays a character that symbolizes a normal teen. Disobedient, demanding, will powered and very independent. She is 16 years and wants to follow her dreams no matter what anyone says. Ariel as a princess of her father, King Triton, must act and behave like one. King Triton is very controlling and have many arguments with her. As king he demands and expects good from everyone, especially his daughters, including Ariel. He wants Ariel not to go to the surface because it’s dangerous and doesn’t want her to be involved with humans. Knowing Ariel she disobeys and goes anyways. Here we see that Ariel is doing what she wants. Demonstrating her will power. Ariel is not alone when she goes on her adventures above the waters, she has her best friend Flounder, he is a yellow and blue Chang 2 coloured fish. He is seen to be younger. As a male character, Flounder scares easily and is prone to panicking under stressful situations, but when Ariel is in trouble he comes through for her without hesitation. After an initial argument over Ariel over her latest trip to the surface, Triton orders his loyal servant, Sebastian, to keep an eye on her. Sebastian is a crab, he is known for his Caribbean accent. He follows Ariel and tries to keep her out of trouble. He tries his best to watch for Ariel, and helps her in anyway he can. He is very loyal and honest and wants to please the King. Ursula is another character in the movie, she is an octopus person sea witch who â€Å"helps† unfortunate mermaids to achieve her own goals. Her appearance is of an obese purple-skinned, white-haired female human with a facial mole, but from the waist down she has six black tentacles. She is very cruel and dominant. Ursula commands her minions, the twin moray eels, to watch Ariel, who might be â€Å"the key to Triton's undoing†. Ursula forms her plan to seize power around Ariel's forbidden love for the human Prince Eric. Ariel has many journeys in this movie. From finding human treasures to falling in love with a human prince. In disobeying her father to going up the surface she finds her true love. All of a sudden a storm hits, everyone manages to escape to the lifeboat except for Eric, who swims back to save his dog, Max. In the process he almost drowns, but he is saved by Ariel. She drags him to shore and sings to him, but before he can regain consciousness fully, Max and Grimsby arrive, forcing Ariel to dive underwater. Ariel wants to meet him again and be with him. At that time, Sebastian and Flounder were with Chang 3 her when she was with Prince Eric. Sebastian tries to do the job given to him, and is horrified when Ariel saves the life of and falls in love with a human. Sebastian accidentally lets this information slip to King Triton, who confronts Ariel. King Triton is furious with Ariel and destroys all her human treasure that she has kept in her secret place. Ariel is hurt and angry. She goes on another journey where Flotsam and Jetsam, Ursula’s minion’s, persuade Ariel to go to Ursula's lair, claiming that the sea witch is the only one who can solve her problem. Ariel knowing she is not allowed to talk or even be with her because she was banished from Atlantica. Goes with them and agrees with Ursula’s plan. She is being disobedient and doing what she pleases. Ursula plan is to take her voice and she will give her human legs. She has to kiss Eric within 3 days, or else she belongs, her soul, to Ursula. She has Ariel sign a contract to have proof that Ariel made a deal with her. What Ariel doesn’t know is that she never kiss Eric because Ursula has planned it like that. So she can have the Triton’s power. Ariel soon learns Ursula whole plan in tricking her, but it’s too late, she can’t do a thing. Ariel puts her father and even Eric’s life in danger. She put the whole sea life in danger. When you do anything wrong and be disobedient , there are always consequences, no matter what, This what Ariel got for being disobedient in going up to the surface. At the end, of course Ursula loses her powers and King Triton gains back his power. He see’s what Eric, a human, has done. He knows that he was wrong about all humans, and gains respect for Ariel. With the approval of her father she does marry Eric and everyone is happy. King Triton has learned that Ariel was right about humans, and that Ariel is very independent. He has Chang 4 changed his views about humans and his daughter. Ariel has know followed her dreams, even though it almost cost her life and father‘s, to marry her true love, a human, prince Eric. Even tough her adventures and journeys has caused trouble, at the end it all came out good. She marry’s Eric, She has made friends with Sebastian, and has gained her respect and trust with her father again. The social values that are described in this movie are gender values. There is that stereotype of a princess, Ariel, always ending up marrying their true love. This is what happened. Ariel marry’s Eric. Ariel also portrays a stereotype of a typical teen, she disobeys, independent and has will power. Most teens resemble her personality. Another stereotype is the villain. There always has to be an antagonist in the movie. The villain gains and has power at one point, and they even go through with their plan, but at the end they always end up losing, or dieing. In this case, this is what happened to Ursula. Lastly, a demanding or controlling person is always portrayed, in this case that would be King Triton. He looks out for Ariel and wants things to go his ways. Men are always demanding, and they want the will power. A father always, no matter what, looks out for his daughter, and this is what King Triton portrays. In conclusion, The little Mermaid created by John Musker and Ron Clements was a good movie indeed. It demonstrates how love has power, even for a mermaid. Journeys and adventures have purposes, even though they get you into trouble. Ariel followed her dreams of her heart. She disobeyed her father many times, made a deal with Ursula the Chang 5 sea witch, put her father, Eric and even the whole sea in jeopardy. All for the cause of true love. She marry’s her Prince and gains respect from the whole sea. All because Ariel was a will powered, independent and demanding teenage girl.

Sales promotions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

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Strategic Management and Executives Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Strategic Management and Executives - Essay Example that the most crucial factor that determines the success of any company is â€Å"the qualities of strategic decisions that top managers make in attempting to achieve this strategic fit† (Stead & Starik, 2004, p. 122). Some business owners, however, do not make the decisions solely by themselves; they hire professional consultants to aid them in making strategic decisions. A process is often referred to as the flow of information via a given interrelated stages of analysis with the aim of achieving a specific aim. In regarding strategic management as a process, one is required to focus on the historical and current flow of information, as well as forecast data on not only operations, but also the environment of business. Considering strategic management as a process has diverse important implications. First, it is evident that a change in any component is likely to affect other components because the flow of information is always reciprocal. For instance, forces of the external environment often influence the company’s missions and the company also affect the external environment. A second advantage of viewing strategic management as a process is the fact that strategy formulation, as well as implementation, is sequential. This step is associated as well as followed by development of an organization’s profile in addition to the evaluatio n of the external environment. Then other aspects of management such as the strategic choice, definition of objectives, designing of strategies, as well as review and evaluation take place in order. The strategic management process entails three sequential stages. Data-gathering phase is the first stage. It involves extensive research as well as analysis of not only the external environment, but also internal environment of an organization so as to provide sufficient as well as accurate inputs required for strategic decision-making process. The gathered data is then analyzed, and SWOT analysis identified. The second stage of

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome - Research Paper Example Alcohol consumption is the main factor in a fetus developing fetal alcohol syndrome. When a pregnant woman drinks alcohol, the alcohol enters the bloodstream and reaches the fetus by crossing the placenta; anything that enters the woman’s body is passed along to the fetus, and alcohol is no different. However, fetuses are unable to metabolize alcohol as quickly as adults, thus making the fetus’s blood alcohol concentration higher than that of the mother and more difficult to get rid of (Ulleland, 1972). Adults are able to rid themselves of alcohol within an hour for each beverage, yet fetuses do not have the ability to do so, so the alcohol sticks with them longer, often cause irreversible damage. Alcohol interferes with the oxygen being delivered to the unborn baby. It is common that babies face mental, behavioral and physical diseases and deformities when they are being denied the oxygen that they need to develop fully and healthily. This lack of oxygen greatly affects the nutrition of the baby’s developing tissues, organs, and brain, often causing babies with fetal alcohol syndrome to be born premature or with a variety of diseases or deformities. Due to science and technology, a fetus still in the womb can be pre-diagnosed with fetal alcohol syndrome based on certain signs and symptoms; unfortunately, properly diagnosing the baby can only take place after the child has been born. The first major sign is a mother that drinks regularly while pregnant. Through ultrasounds and by listening to the heartbeat of the fetus, a doctor can determine if the fetus is already facing difficulties and complications due to the intake of alcohol. Unfortunately, many of the signs and symptoms are made known after the baby has been born.   Babies often face growth deficiency, being excessively under average height and weight compared to babies born without the syndrome.  

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Diels-Alder Reaction - Lab Report Example Characterization of the products is through chemical tests discussed in Mayo pages 266. The experiment cyclopentadiene and maleic anhydride were reacted with the aqueous solution to form an n organic compound in crystal form. The composition of the cyclopentadiene does make it possible for such a reaction to proceed; it has 5 carbon rings that contain 2 carbon- carbon double bonds, which are separated by single alpha bonds. Purification of the crystalline product is typically accomplished by pipetting the solution from the underlying crystal products and consequently drying it. Diels-Alder reaction entails the preparation of the six-membered carbocyclic rings, which are conjugated diene with an alkene. The reaction of the product takes place in the single step to produce carbon-carbon bonds with the four stereocenters. The product is the adequate for the direct characterization. The reaction entails two reactants that are the butadiene and maleic anhydride, which both results to the functional groups to the corresponding product. In addition, the infrared spectrum of t he segregated material depicts the observation. The spectrum of the 3-sulfolene is representative on an alkene sulfone. Thus, the underlying macro group train for an unconjugated five-membered ring alkenes fits the underlying data rationally. The non-polar ought to exhibit a more solubility in petroleum ether in place of the hexane. It is mainly due to stronger van-der-Waals forces in the ether. Due to the presence of larger alkanes in petroleum ether, more intermolecular forces exist than hexane. For this reason, the presence of petroleum ether; the solubility is high for polar molecules yet with the increase in solubility denotes the decreased yield, hence less product. The presence of the two stereocenters coupled with the long range rotating is linked via the pie system of the alkene. The whole H spectrum is

Science for Informed Citizens Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Science for Informed Citizens - Essay Example A fundamental goal for science education is to stimulate, respond to and nourish such curiosity, wonder and questioning. Science provides us with one view of the world - a view that changes as our knowledge and understanding of science evolves. It extends our understanding beyond what affects us to include what we can't see, feel, hear or touch but can only imagine (VELS Science Discipline Strand, 2005) If a nation's best asset is its people, its future is its children. Hence, the major goal of science education is to educate and develop students that would become citizens capable of engaging in an informed debate regarding science and adheres to its code of ethics. The core values of science to society are: rationality, creativity, the search for truth, and an adherence to codes of honorable behavior. (Inter Academy Council, 2007) In addition, science is viewed or characterized as: impartial, neutral and autonomous. Science is impartial because there is no proper role for moral, social and any other non-cognitive values, alongside the cognitive (or epistemic) values, in the appraisal of the soundness of scientific understanding. Well conceived scientific practices produce a body of understanding that is neutral among contending value-outlooks that neither cognitively nor in practical applications do they favor the claims or interests of any particular value-outlooks. Its research practices are autonomous because their methodologies should be unencumbered by political, religious and other non-cognitive interests. (Lacey, 2001) Given its value and characteristics, the pursuit for science is defined or governed by its environment. Science in combination with technology plays an important role in modern society. Science is the discovery and explanation of nature. Once the manipulation of scientific understanding of nature is harnessed for human purposes, a new technology is developed. How this technology is harnessed is defined by social and cultural factors that surround it. Hence, science and technology are rooted in the society which creates them (Webster, 1991). If people learn and understand the value of science in order to enhance knowledge and productivity, the collective role of all citizens will help sustain a nation's growth and development. The imagination and vision that science brings to bear on theoretical speculations and practical problems, allows people to analyze present or future implications, make better choices, and invest resources wisely. This view and understanding of science brings global implications. Western science has a long history of denigrating knowledge and beliefs from native, indigenous, eastern cultures, and societies that use scientific methods outside their accepted ways and ethics. This are generally attributed to the traditional values and cultures of these nations which differ significantly from the values of mainstream science. (James, n.d)

Reflection 03081 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Reflection 03081 - Essay Example The presentation that we gave was about the first industrial revolution. The most important objective was to highlight the noteworthy inventions that were made in this period and what has happened since then. Tasks were assigned to individuals equally in order to ensure successful completion of the project. There was three group members, one was given the task to do the research and collect data, the second group member was reasonable for designing the presentation and I was give the task of writing the slide contents. The following sections will include the interpretation and outcome of our group efforts. As mentioned above, we were tasked with the preparation of a PowerPoint presentation regarding the first industrial revolution. We decided to conduct group meetings every alternative day in the week in order to discuss our individual progress regarding the overall presentation. The division of work was done very effectively as each of us go the work that we do best. However, one of the major drawbacks of our group was that no one was clearly defined as the leader. Although we were making individual progress there was no leader who would give proper direction to the flow of our work. Occasionally we have conflict of issues which deviate us from the actual path of the assignment’s objective. I decided to implement the ideas the Tuckman teamwork theory. It was extremely important for me to make sure that the team go through all the four phases of team development mentioned in this theory (forming, storming norming and performing). I witnessed that initially the group members were finding it difficult to gel in with each other. So I decided to clarify the overall objective of the team in order to make sure that group members work towards a unified goal. This helped me to establish coordination among the team members once they started to feel comfortable within the group (Riebe, et al.,

The financial crisis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

The financial crisis - Essay Example Lehman Brother’s was one of the major victims of this crisis, and its bankruptcy acted as a catalyst in such a situation. The decline of Lehman Brothers started with the abolition of the Glass-Steagall Act. This is considered as one of the legislative acts which influenced the financial institutional structure of US. This was a seminal event that intensified the financial crisis of 2008. About $10 trillion eroded away from the equity market in 2008 after the bankruptcy event of Lehman Brothers, which was recorded to be the biggest decline of all times. Answer a: Financial Crisis of 2007-2010 The financial crisis of 2007-2010 is considered as one of the worst financial crisis after the Great Depression of 1930s (Coggan, 2007; Minsky, 1992). In this section, the discussion would be specifically on such causes that led to financial crunch Right from lax regulation, housing bubble, credit rating given by the agencies, to subprime mortgage lending, pay structure of the management a nd board, and easy credit facilities, are considered to be the major causes of financial crisis. In this study each aspect will be identified, and flaws in every situation would be evaluated, so as to discuss the grounds for the downfall major financial institutions in the second section. ... However, Gramm-Leach Bliley Act of 1999, also known as Financial Modernization Act, was an abolished part of Glass-Steagall Act of 1993 acted as a force in minimizing the gap between the traditional commercial banking institutions and the modern risky investment banks. It allowed the banks to associate with each other and engage into underwriting activities and security deals (Baily, and Elliott, 2009; The Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission, 2011). The Commodity Future Modernization Act which was passed in 2000, allowed over the counter derivatives to become self-regulating. Derivative was designed to be a tool that hedged risk associated with investment in securities market. However, this soon turned into a speculative tool (Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, 2012; (Duhigg, 2008). The banks sell the loans to the investment banks, which combine different types of loans such as home loan, car loan, education loan, etc into a complex derivative instrument, called Collateralized De bt Obligations (CDOs), and further sell them in the market to the investors. The borrower of the loans when paid the loan back, the money went straight to the investors. The Sub-prime loans were also popular because it was a high interest loan taken by those who could not afford it. The return and risk of any CDO investor was dependent on the various tranches. The securitization food chain is stated below. Figure 1: Securitisation Food Chain The Credit Default Swaps (CDS) allowed the investors to invest in certain corporations without feeling the heat of direct equity exposure, as can be seen in Figure 1. By 2008 it was found that the outstanding associated with CDS was around $40 trillion, and the over the counter derivative outstanding amount was

European law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

European law - Essay Example The moot question that arises in William case’s is whether the requirements spelt out by the Italian Government for import of his cheese into Italy could constitute a violation of Article 28 and therefore a restriction on imports? Their first requirement is (a) an inspection test to determine the listeria content of the cheese (b) a requirement that William change the label on his product. The meaning of quantitative restrictions was clearly stated in the case of Riseria Luigi Geddo v Ente Nazionale Risi1 in which it was stated that â€Å"any measure which amounts to a total or partial restraint on imports, exports or goods in transit constitutes a quantitative restriction.† For example, a quota system was held to be a restriction of trade in the case of Salgoil SpA v Italian Minister for Foreign Trade.2 Directive 70/50 must also be taken into consideration because it lists out all measures which are equivalent to quantitative restrictions, however in William’s case, there are certain existing EU Directives which member States are expected to comply with, which will also be relevant. The EU Directives which will apply in the case of William is Directive 92/46/EEC, which has held that listeria must be absent in 1 gm of hard cheese, however in soft cheese it must be absent in 25g samples taken from the product3. Also, the Directive 93/43/EEC is intended to ensure that all food products sold within the EU meet certain minimum health standards. Therefore, under this Directive, it may be noted that any requirements of the Italian Government on the inspections for listeria in the cheese will be only indistinctly applicable4, because it applies to cheeses produced within Italy and outside the country. Since manufacturers within Italy are also expected to comply with this requirement of inspection at their own cost, it is unlikely that that this will qualify as a measure that infringes Article